According to data released by the French Customs, in 2010, France’s total foreign trade volume reached 836.484 billion euros, with exports amounting to 392.251 billion euros, marking a year-on-year growth of 13.5%. Imports for the same period totaled 443.963 billion euros, an increase of 13.8% compared to the previous year. As a result, the country recorded a trade deficit of 51.442 billion euros in 2010, up from 44.423 billion euros in 2009.
The report highlighted the performance of key sectors, both those with strong export capabilities and those facing challenges. The aviation industry remained France’s most competitive export sector, generating 41.2 billion euros in exports and achieving a surplus of 18 billion euros, a 14.4% increase from the previous year. Similarly, transportation equipment, including rail and automotive components, contributed a surplus of 14.4 billion euros.
Other notable export performers included the chemical, perfume, and cosmetics industries, which saw exports reach 46.7 billion euros against imports of 39.2 billion euros, resulting in a 7.5 billion euro surplus. The agro-food sector also performed well, with exports totaling 36.2 billion euros and imports at 30.6 billion euros, giving a surplus of 5.5 billion euros. The pharmaceutical industry exported 26.9 billion euros worth of medicines, while importing 23 billion euros, leading to a 3.9 billion euro surplus, up 5.2% year on year.
In contrast, energy-related imports—such as hydrocarbons, minerals, electricity, and refined products—resulted in a significant deficit of 47.6 billion euros. Hydrocarbon imports alone reached 46.6 billion euros, contributing a deficit of 37.9 billion euros. Machinery and electrical equipment imports amounted to 95.9 billion euros, while exports stood at 75.9 billion euros, creating a deficit of 19.9 billion euros.
Textiles, clothing, leather goods, and footwear also showed a large trade deficit, with imports reaching 28.3 billion euros and exports at 16.7 billion euros, a gap of 11.5 billion euros. The metallurgical and metal products sector imported 34.8 billion euros and exported 29.4 billion euros, resulting in a deficit of 5.3 billion euros. Wood, paper, and cardboard imports totaled 12.7 billion euros, with exports of 8.1 billion euros, a deficit of 4.5 billion euros. Rubber and plastic products saw a similar trend, with imports of 21 billion euros and exports of 16.5 billion euros, a deficit of 4.5 billion euros.
Finally, the automotive industry recorded a trade deficit of 3.7 billion euros, with imports reaching 42.8 billion euros and exports at 39.0 billion euros—a 16.9% increase compared to the previous year. Overall, 2010 marked a year of mixed results for French trade, with strong performances in certain sectors offset by significant deficits in others.
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